On November 4th, Brazilian President Lula signed a law deciding to temporarily move the Brazilian capital from Brasília to the city of Belém in the state of Pará during the United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP30) in 2025. This arrangement will be effective from November 11th to 21st, 2025, and the related law (Law No. 15.251) was published in the Federal Official Gazette on the same day.

The government stated that this temporary relocation carries symbolic and political significance, aiming to highlight the importance of the Amazon region in the international environmental agenda and demonstrate Brazil's commitment to global climate issues. During this period, all official acts and documents, including those signed by the President and Ministers, will indicate Belém as the seat of the capital. Throughout the temporary move, executive, legislative, and judicial powers can establish institutions in Belém to fulfill governmental and institutional functions.

Previously, Brazil had a similar precedent when the capital was temporarily moved to Rio de Janeiro during the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (Rio-92) in 1992.

Simultaneously, the Brazilian Air Force will utilize fighter jets and air defense missiles to ensure the safety of the airspace over Belém, Pará, during the COP30 Leaders Summit scheduled for November 6th to 7th. The summit is a significant event under the framework of the United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP30). Flight restrictions and no-fly zone measures will be implemented during the summit to limit the activities of specific aircraft.

According to information from the Aerospace Operations Command (Comae), the Air Force will deploy F-5M fighter jets equipped with Python 4 missiles and A-29 Super Tucano aircraft for air defense tasks; the E-99 early warning aircraft will be utilized for airspace surveillance; the H-60L "Black Hawk" helicopter will be responsible for search and rescue operations and ground personnel transportation. Additionally, the KC-390 "Millennium" tanker aircraft will be used for aerial refueling of the Air Force's F-5M fighter jets.

On November 4th, Air Force Lieutenant General Alcides Teixeira Barbacovi, Commander of the Air Force's Aerospace Operations Command, stated, "For us, it's like providing a gas station in the air so that the F-5 aircraft can continue flying." He also emphasized that to address the significant increase in drone flights around Belém Airport, this security operation will utilize anti-drone equipment to enhance airspace security and protection.